What I need to write: A problem

Last week, I started talking about the elements of a story idea I need before I can actually write a book, the first being a character with an arc.

As I noted there, the character isn’t enough, of course. I also need something for that character to be doing! I need an external conflict, a problem the main character has to solve or at least struggle with during the course of the book. And over time, I’ve come to realize that not just any problem is going to do it for me.

The most obvious criteria: The problem must be compelling. I have to find it emotionally engaging. The Way We Fall was written in part because epidemics totally freak me out. Give Up the Ghost started with me being fascinated by the idea of someone who preferred to befriend the dead over the living, and the problem of how they could start living a full life again.

I have to be able to come at the problem from a unique angle. I’d get bored if I felt I was just rehashing ground from books that are already out there. It’s been said every story’s already been told, and there are, for example, many books with killer viruses in them, so I have to be able to find aspects of the conflict to play up or explore that I don’t think have been fully tackled before.

Then there are the less obvious criteria, that may be more specific to me, and that took me a while to figure out.

The problem and the stakes involved need to be concrete. I have lots of great ideas for potential story conflicts, but some, when I start picking them apart to see how they work, turn out to be pretty ephemeral. Why is the fact that this is happening so bad? Who is it actually affecting? How is it affecting them? If the answers are all in abstract concepts (It’s unjust! And… it would make… justice… seem less important?) then I know the idea’s not ready to go yet. The Way We Fall deals with abstract concepts like hope and morality, sure, but it also has a killer virus that’s, y’know, killing people rather frequently. If I can’t give myself more than a vague idea why the problem’s a problem, then my characters aren’t going to have more than a vague idea too, and neither are the readers. And vagueness is rarely compelling.

Which relates closely to the final criteria (that I’ve noticed so far): The main characters must be able to do something about the problem. This might sound obvious, but I can’t tell you how many books I’ve read where the problem is actually too big or too distant for the main characters to really take constructive action, so most of the book revolves around them doing random other actions for unclear reasons while they worry about the problem, until the problem finally comes to them so they can take it on for the climax. It drives me crazy reading a book like that, so there’s no way I’d want to write one.

This criteria is often the one that breaks my heart. I have one particular story idea that I am very fond of and have been playing with for a couple years now, but every time I come back to it, I pretty quickly run up against the wall of–the bad guy is too powerful. There isn’t really any way any person could do anything to stop what he’s doing. Or even to mitigate some of its effects. (Kaelyn in The Way We Fall can’t cure the virus, but she can at least take steps to make sure she and her loved ones don’t catch it and have the supplies they need to make it through the quarantine.)

It was also the criteria that was tripping me up on what might be the next book I write. I had a clear problem, and I knew how the main character was going to solve it in the end, but there didn’t seem to be much for her to do for the whole rest of the book before she got to that point. It was only when an understanding of how she might take action along the way came to me that I knew this book could actually get written.

Of course, that’s going to depend on other factors as well… the rest of which I’ll discuss next week. 🙂

Early in Australia!

Want to get your hands on The Way We Fall right now? Well, you can — just head over to Australia!

Fellow Adams Literary and Hyperion author Amie Kaufman gave me a heads up this morning that she’d spotted The Way We Fall in a store, and shared proof:

(Note: The Australia publisher, Murdoch Books, is using the original cover with the girl’s face, if you’re having trouble spotting it. 🙂 )

I immediately went and checked some Australian online bookstores to see whether this was just a fluke, but no! The Way We Fall appears to be in stock everywhere. The official release date over there was January 1st, but it’s not uncommon for books to show up early.

Enjoy, Australian readers!

The making of a killer virus

The symptoms of the disease that threatens my characters in The Way We Fall are listed right on the book jacket description:

It starts with an itch you just can’t shake. Then comes a fever and a tickle in your throat. A few days later, you’ll be blabbing your secrets and chatting with strangers like they’re old friends. Three more, and the paranoid hallucinations kick in.

And then you’re dead.

So how did I come up with that series of symptoms? Why did I decide to make my virus work the way it does? If you’re interested in the answers to those questions, and in finding out more background on the virus that I was able to share in the actual book, check out my guest post today at The Intergalactic Academy:

Creating a Killer Virus

And if you have any further questions, or other thoughts, I’ll be responding to comments both here and there. 🙂

What I need to write: Character and arc

Lately I’ve been thinking a lot about new ideas, and how to tell whether a given idea is “ripe” and ready to be written. It’s been a while since I’ve gotten to play with something completely new–I spent this year working on The Way We Fall‘s sequel and drafts of books I’d started earlier–so it’s exciting to have some room on my plate again.

I get a lot of ideas. As I mentioned not long ago, I have notebooks and an index card box full of them. Some are tidbits that will intrigue me in the moment enough to write them down, but will never end up in a story. Some I keep coming back to. On average I’d say it takes me a year or so before an idea will come together enough that I’m ready to outline and write the actual book.

The reason it take so long is that there are certain elements I need to have for the idea before I understand it well enough to write it properly. If I try to write a story without those elements (which I do sometimes, because I get impatient), the story inevitably dies before it’s finished. I don’t know how similar my needed elements are to other writers’ (I am always impressed by those authors who seem to be able to dive right into an idea and figure it out while they’re writing!), but I thought it’d be interesting to share them.

The element I’m going to talk about today is fairly basic: A main character with an arc.

Just about every story needs a main character, right? That much is obvious. The coolest plot idea in the world doesn’t do me any good if I don’t know who’s going to be making their way through that plot.

But it’s not enough for me to just come up with a character who might be in that situation. (“That would be too easy,” says the muse.) I need a character who’s going to go through an emotional arc during the course of the story. That is, he or she is going to be changed by the events of the story, so that at the end s/he is different than s/he was at the beginning. I’ve heard it said that when a character arc is done right, the character at the beginning of the story could not have accomplished what needs to be done to solve the problem at the end of the story. It is the way s/he changes along the way that prepares them for that final “battle” (literal or otherwise).

There are stories in which the main character isn’t noticeably changed by what they’ve been through, and I’ve read and enjoyed stories like that, but I don’t find writing a story where the character doesn’t grow very interesting. So before I can start writing a book, I need to know that main character and his or her arc. More importantly, I need to find that arc compelling, so it can’t be something trite or overly familiar. And, as suggested above, preferably I need that emotional arc to echo the arc of the external conflict in the story… which is something I’m going to talk about more in the next post.

A Shy Person’s Guide to Public Speaking

I have always been what you would call “shy.” I feel nervous meeting new people (even online!) and a little awkward in most social situations. But I’ve always tried not to let that stand in my way, especially when it comes to my writing. Whenever I’m offered an opportunity to talk with people about writing and books, I take it, even if it makes me nervous. Over the years, starting back with the mandatory presentations in high school and university, I’ve found ways not to work around the shyness so it’s not so problematic.

Since shyness seems to be a pretty common trait among authors, and among readers too, it occurred to me that some of my blog readers might find it helpful if I shared what works for me. 🙂

Know what you’re talking about.

The more confident I am in my understanding of a topic, the easier it is for me to talk about it. I know I’m not very likely to say something totally off about, say, how I got published, given that I know that subject inside and out. If I’m going to be talking about something I don’t feel I understand thoroughly, I do some research ahead of time until I do. And I try to stick to topics I already know quite well, when I have a choice. (Thankfully, there hasn’t been much call for me to speak on nuclear physics or gourmet cooking.)

Rehearse, but don’t memorize.

If I’m doing a talk, I practice giving it to an imaginary audience (in some cases, my cats) beforehand. Once I’ve gone through the points I’m going to cover a few times, the material starts to feel familiar, and less daunting. I catch any phrases or ideas that I tend to stumble over, and find ways to rework them. I notice sections that seem ramble-y or disconnected and take them out or fix them. So when it’s time for me to talk to actual people, I can go in comfortable with everything I’m going to say. And I’m able to actually look at the audience while I’m presenting, because I have the main points memorized.

That said, I don’t believe in memorizing an entire speech. I find that trying to remember the exact wording of every sentence in which order puts me under more pressure, not less. I also think that allowing for some variation and spontaneity allows the talk to sound fresh even though I may have practiced it five times before. I’ll have an outline ready so I don’t have to worry about forgetting where to go next, and for specific names or quotes I need to remember exactly, but because I make sure I know the general topic well (see tip one), and because I’ve practiced phrasing the most important parts, I can often get through a 10-20 minute talk only glancing at that outline a few times.

Bring props.

When I visit with a school or library group, I almost always have a PowerPoint slideshow to supplement the presentation, with slides for each of the key topics including a few important points and a picture illustrating what I’m talking about. If I’m doing a talk that doesn’t allow for PowerPoint, I make sure to bring more concrete props: books, samples of my writing process materials (outline index cards, notebooks, red-inked manuscript pages), that sort of thing.

Props are helpful in a few ways. In general, they make your presentation more interesting by giving your audience visuals as well as words. But they have an extra benefit for the shy person: they give you something to direct people’s attention to other than you. I’m most nervous when I know that the audience is focused solely on me. Being able to point them to a photograph, or hold up a book so they can check out the cover, means that I’m not carrying the full weight of their attention anymore. They have other things to look at too! Having props on hand can also be reassuring — you know they’ll remind you of the things you wanted to talk about if you have a brain freeze, and they give you something to do with your hands other than fidget (if you’re inclined to do so otherwise).

Take your time.

When we’re nervous, our tendency is to talk quickly — to try and get it over with, I think! But barreling through a presentation not only makes it less pleasant to listen to, it also tends to make you feel more anxious, because you’re keyed up. So I try to remember, both when I’m practicing and when I’m doing the actual talk, to speak at a calm even pace and to allow pauses for emphasis (and to breathe!). Talking calmly helps keep me calm. And it generally pays off in a better response from the audience, which is also confidence-building. 🙂

Related to this, one of the best pieces of advice I’ve heard relating to public speaking is to always pause when you feel the urge to say “um” or “ah.” Little verbal tics like that can make it sound like you don’t know what you’re talking about. But if you pause silently while you reach for that word that’s on the tip of your tongue (and, again, breathe!), it just sounds as if you’re being thoughtful in your speech. And then you don’t start having embarrassed thoughts like ack, how many times have I said “um” in the last minute? which can throw you off.

Accept your limitations.

By doing all of the above, I think I usually come off as a competent public speaker. But the nervousness is still there, even if muted, and sometimes I still stumble. I also find improvised talks — like answering questions, or being part of a panel discussion — incredibly difficult. I’m a writer, I’m used to being able to revise my thoughts a dozen times before anyone’s exposed to them, I don’t string words together all that well in the moment. I sometimes realize after I’ve spoken (or while I’m speaking) that I’ve rambled on too long or pronounced someone’s name wrong or not entirely made sense.

There are two ways you can respond when you realize something like that. You can dwell on it, berate yourself for looking foolish, and make yourself even more tongue-tied. Or you can remind yourself that it’s no big deal. No one’s perfect, and most of the time the people listening won’t even have noticed what seems so horribly off to you.

I go into any unscripted speaking situation knowing that I’ll probably trip over my tongue at least once or twice. I know I can do that and still say useful, interesting things as well. I know that I’m doing my best, and my best isn’t perfect, and that’s okay. Which takes some of the pressure off, and means I probably fumble less than if I went in trying to be a perfect speaker.

Those are my tips — how about you?

I’d love to hear how my shy blog readers deal with their scary speaking situations!

The Way We Fall trailer reveal

It’s exactly 50 days before The Way We Fall is finally released, and I am very excited to share with you the official book trailer, written by me and produced by the very excellent video people at Hyperion!

The most exciting thing about this trailer? If you’re in New York, Chicago, or Seattle, you may very well see it on TV in the first couple weeks after The Way We Fall‘s release. And if you’re in Toronto or Vancouver, it’ll be playing before films in select movie theaters!

Stay tuned… I’m dreaming up a contest involving this trailer, to be announced soon. 🙂

Come see me tomorrow — and in April and May!

First, I wanted to remind all you southern Ontario folks that I’ll be appearing at Oshawa’s DarkLit Fest tomorrow (Saturday). Full event details here. I’ll be doing a brief reading from The Way We Fall at 1:15pm, and taking part in the YA panel at 1:25pm.

I’ve also found out that I’m going to get to visit with readers in the States next year, at a couple of events that look amazing:

On April 14th, I’ll be participating in Houston’s TeenBookCon.

And on May 19th I’ll be joining in at the Rochester Teen Book Festival.

Both events are free for all. I’ll post more details about panels etc. when I have them. Can’t wait!

Fulfilling creative-person stereotypes

I think a lot of people have this image of the standard artistic type person. Scatter-brained, whimsical, capricious. “Practical” and “orderly” are not words generally associated with creativity.

So maybe that’s why when I’m talking to people who know I’m a writer, I often get comments like “You’re so organized!” with this surprised and awed sort of look. And the truth is, I am pretty organized in general, not just for a writer. But the other truth is, I don’t come by it naturally. I am scatter-brained and whimsical by nature. I just also have an inherent fear of finding myself unprepared, which has been with me since I was a kid. So over the years I’ve picked up many habits to help keep myself organized so I don’t end up in that position. When I was a teenager I’d schedule out each step of getting a project done in my agenda, and pack my school bag the night before because if I did it in the morning I’d inevitably forget something. As an adult, I like to joke that half of my brain is in my iPad. It’s not really a joke, though–I wouldn’t remember half the things I’m supposed to be doing if I couldn’t check the calendar and to-do list there.

But sometimes, all those habits aren’t enough.

I was reminded of this rather intensely last night. See, I have many story ideas that I’ve been playing with for varying lengths of time, from months to years, and yesterday one of the older ones suddenly snapped into focus and started nagging at me that it was finally time to write it. (I just love how an idea will take forever to sort itself out, and then insist that it needs to be written RIGHT NOW the second it gets its act together. Seriously, I’ve been patient, why can’t they?) I know a lot about this idea. I know all the major characters, and their relationships, and how those change over the course of the story. I know how it starts, major pieces of the middle, and approximately how it ends. I thought that I had written all this down back when I was originally stewing over it. So I checked my index card box that told me which old notebooks I should have notes in for it, and went to dig them up in case I’d come up with something brilliant that I’d forgotten about in the meantime.

Funny thing–of the two notebooks I’d written down the numbers for, one turned out to have absolutely nothing about this story, and the other only had a few pages. The worse thing, though, was the moment when I realized I seemed to be missing two notebooks. I have a 10 and a 13 but 11 and 12 were nowhere to be found. (I keep them all in the same box.)

After some panicked flailing, I’ve come to the conclusion (based on the fact that notebook 13 has notes for two of the same finished books as notebook 10, as well as the one I wrote just after) that somehow when I was numbering 13, I forgot that there were two other numbers between it and 10, and 11 and 12 just never existed. So I probably haven’t lost any notes. On the other hand, this means that all that brainstorming and mulling over I did for this one story idea? Most of it I never bothered to write down, for some reason I cannot conceive of. Sometimes if I’ve thought about an idea enough, it feels like I’ve written it down (hence, how this whole sequence started) or certain developments seem so obvious writing them down doesn’t feel necessary. Sometimes if I already know an idea’s not ready to work yet, I don’t feel motivated to record all the thoughts I have about it. But still. Past self, I waggle my finger at you disapprovingly.

This isn’t even the first time this has happened. I had another story idea that I actually did start writing, but stalled on. A couple years later, I came back to it, remembering having a full detailed outline for it, and could only find a couple pages of notes and a very sketchy, incomplete outline. My brain really needs to learn that what passes through it is not automatically inscribed on paper somewhere.

So, I am kind of embarrassed that for all my organizational abilities, there are apparently times when I cannot count past ten, and also when I think I see notes for a story in a notebook when they aren’t actually there. And I’m really hoping there wasn’t something brilliant that I didn’t write down and now will never remember.

But hey, if this is what comes with creativity, I have to admit I wouldn’t give it up for more order.

Re-reading The Last Unicorn

The unicorn says, “Real magic can never be made by offering up someone else’s liver. You must tear out your own, and not expect to get it back.”

Replace “magic” with “art”, and I think it’s equally true.

(This book is one of my all-time faves. If you’ve never read it, I strongly urge you to fix that. 🙂 )

Giving thanks

Happy Thanksgiving to my US friends and blog readers!

Though up here in Canada we had our Thanksgiving last month, lately I’ve been thinking a lot about the things I’m thankful for. As I said to a friend the other day, I think it’s very easy to get caught up in thoughts of what you don’t have yet, that you wish you did. And there’s nothing wrong with wishing. But what is the point in accomplishing anything if you don’t take time to appreciate what you have, rather than focusing right in on the next goal?

Five years ago I didn’t know if I’d ever have an agent. I didn’t know if I’d ever sell one book, let alone four. All of that was a dream. I’m living that dream now, and I try to remember that as often as possible. It doesn’t mean everything is perfect, or easy. But then I never dreamed it would be.

So thank you, so much, to all of those who’ve helped make that happen! I hope you get to live your dreams too.